Editing Traditional Water-Harvesting Systems of India

{| style="float:right; clear:right; width:300px; max-width:100%; margin:0 0 12px 18px; border-collapse:separate; border-spacing:6px 0; background:#f8fafc; border:1px solid #d8e1eb; border-radius:7px;"
| style="width:50%; padding:8px 10px; background:#e8f2ff; color:#0b4f9c; border-left:4px solid #1976d2; border-radius:5px; text-align:center; font-size:11px;" | '''WORD COUNT'''<br><span style="font-size:16px; font-weight:700; color:#073b73;">1,400</span>
| style="width:50%; padding:8px 10px; background:#fff1dc; color:#9a4d00; border-left:4px solid #ef8b17; border-radius:5px; text-align:center; font-size:11px;" | '''READING TIME'''<br><span style="font-size:16px; font-weight:700; color:#743900;">7 minutes</span>
|}

__NOEDITSECTION__
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Traditional Water-Harvesting Systems of India}}
{| class="infobox" style="float:right; clear:right; width:300px; max-width:300px; margin:0 0 1em 1em; border:1px solid #a2a9b1; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%; table-layout:fixed;"
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| colspan="2" style="padding:0; background:#fff; text-align:center;" |
[[File:BJS_129_F548_6a718a4dbf787.png|center|285px]]
|-
! style="text-align:left; width:35%;" | Title
| Traditional Water-Harvesting Systems of India
|-
! style="text-align:left;" | Author(s)
| dubey krishna
|-
! style="text-align:left;" | Platform
| Bharatiya Jnana Sarita
|-
! style="text-align:left;" | Categories
| Agricultural Sciences, Veterinary and Animal husbandry
|-
! style="text-align:left;" | Year
| 2026
|-
! style="text-align:left;" | Type of Article
| Repurposed Beginner
|-
! style="text-align:left;" | Difficulty Level
| Beginner
|}

{| id="pravaha-abstract" role="region" aria-label="Summary" class="bjs-abstract-panel" style="float:right; clear:right; width:300px; max-width:300px; box-sizing:border-box; margin:0 0 1em 1em; border:1px solid #d6a9bc; border-collapse:separate; border-spacing:0; background:#fff7fa; color:#202122;"
|-
! class="bjs-abstract-heading" style="padding:8px 12px; background:#efcddd; color:#202122; text-align:left; font-size:1.15em; font-weight:700;" | <span class="bjs-abstract-controls"><span class="bjs-abstract-open">[[#pravaha-abstract|+]]</span><span class="bjs-abstract-close">[[#mw-content-text|-]]</span><span>Summary</span></span>
|- class="bjs-abstract-content-row"
| style="padding:14px 16px; background:#fff7fa; text-align:left; line-height:1.65; overflow-wrap:anywhere;" | <div class="bjs-abstract-preview">This article provides an overview of a conceptual study on improving digital knowledge management through modern information technologies. It highlights�</div><div class="bjs-abstract-full">This article provides an overview of a conceptual study on improving digital knowledge management through modern information technologies. It highlights the importance of organizing, storing, and retrieving information efficiently to support research, education, and institutional collaboration. The proposed framework combines structured content management, intelligent search capabilities, and user-friendly navigation to enhance accessibility and knowledge sharing. A hypothetical evaluation demonstrates that such an approach can reduce information retrieval time, improve content discoverability, and increase overall user satisfaction. The study also discusses the potential benefits of integrating automated classification and semantic search techniques into digital repositories. Although the findings are based on a simulated environment, they indicate that intelligent knowledge management systems can significantly improve productivity and collaboration across organizations. The framework is designed to be scalable, adaptable, and suitable for future enhancements, making it a practical reference for institutions seeking efficient and sustainable digital information management solutions.</div>
|}

''Pandoc-ready sample article with normal and collapsible sections''

<blockquote>Conversion rule: headings containing the exact prefix [COLLAPSE] are intended to become + / − collapsible sections after Pandoc converts this DOCX to MediaWiki. All other headings remain normal, permanently visible headings.

</blockquote>

<span id="introduction"></span>

= Introduction =

India has a long history of community-based water management. Traditional systems were designed according to local climate, topography, soil, and social needs. This article presents an example structure that converts cleanly from DOCX through Pandoc into MediaWiki while preserving a clear hierarchy of headings and subheadings.

The introduction is a normal section. It should remain visible at all times and should not be placed inside a collapse container.

<span id="purpose-and-scope"></span>

== Purpose and Scope ==


The article explains selected water-harvesting methods, their design principles, and their modern relevance. It also demonstrates how authors should organise long wiki articles so that only selected detailed sections are collapsible.

<span id="collapse-historical-background"></span>

<div id="pravaha-collapse-1" class="pravaha-collapse">
<div class="pravaha-collapse-title"><span class="pravaha-collapse-open">[[#pravaha-collapse-1|+]]</span><span class="pravaha-collapse-close">[[#mw-content-text|-]]</span><span>Historical Background</span></div>
<div class="pravaha-collapse-content">


Traditional water systems developed over centuries in response to seasonal rainfall and regional scarcity. Communities built structures that collected, stored, filtered, and distributed water with locally available materials.

<span id="early-development"></span>

== Early Development ==


Archaeological and textual evidence indicates that organised water management was important in settlements across the subcontinent. Reservoirs, wells, tanks, channels, and embankments supported domestic use, agriculture, and ritual life.

<span id="community-management"></span>

== Community Management ==


Many systems were maintained collectively. Responsibilities for cleaning, desilting, repairing, and allocating water were often shared among residents or assigned to recognised community groups.

<span id="regional-adaptation"></span>

=== Regional Adaptation ===


Designs varied according to terrain. Arid regions emphasised storage and evaporation control, while high-rainfall areas focused on drainage, diversion, and groundwater recharge.

<span id="major-types-of-systems"></span>

</div>
</div>

= Major Types of Systems =

The following examples show how normal subsections can appear between collapsible blocks. These headings should remain visible in the converted wiki article.

<span id="stepwells"></span>

== Stepwells ==


Stepwells combine water storage with stepped access. Their depth allows users to reach water as the level changes through the year.

<span id="tanks-and-reservoirs"></span>

== Tanks and Reservoirs ==


Village tanks and larger reservoirs collect monsoon runoff. They may support irrigation, livestock, groundwater recharge, and domestic use.

<span id="johads"></span>

== Johads ==


Johads are small earthen check dams that capture rainwater and encourage infiltration into the soil.

<span id="collapse-detailed-design-principles"></span>

<div id="pravaha-collapse-2" class="pravaha-collapse">
<div class="pravaha-collapse-title"><span class="pravaha-collapse-open">[[#pravaha-collapse-2|+]]</span><span class="pravaha-collapse-close">[[#mw-content-text|-]]</span><span>Detailed Design Principles</span></div>
<div class="pravaha-collapse-content">


This section contains technical detail and is therefore marked as collapsible. The entire section, including its Heading 2 and Heading 3 content, should open and close together.

<span id="site-selection"></span>

== Site Selection ==


A suitable site is chosen by studying slope, runoff direction, soil permeability, catchment size, and proximity to users. Poor site selection can reduce storage capacity or increase erosion.

<span id="catchment-and-inflow"></span>

== Catchment and Inflow ==


The catchment determines the volume and speed of incoming water. Channels and bunds may guide runoff while silt traps reduce sediment entering the storage area.

<span id="storage-and-recharge"></span>

== Storage and Recharge ==


Some systems prioritise surface storage, while others are designed mainly to recharge wells and aquifers. The choice depends on geology, evaporation rates, and intended use.

<span id="maintenance-requirements"></span>

=== Maintenance Requirements ===


Periodic desilting, vegetation control, wall repair, and inspection of inlets and outlets are essential for long-term operation.

<span id="comparison-table"></span>

</div>
</div>

= Comparison Table =

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''System'''
! '''Typical Region'''
! '''Primary Function'''
! '''Common Material'''
|-
| Stepwell
| Western and central India
| Storage and access
| Stone masonry
|-
| Johad
| Arid and semi-arid regions
| Recharge and runoff capture
| Earth and stone
|-
| Tank
| Many regions
| Storage and irrigation
| Earth, stone, brick
|}

<span id="collapse-modern-relevance-and-revival"></span>

<div id="pravaha-collapse-3" class="pravaha-collapse">
<div class="pravaha-collapse-title"><span class="pravaha-collapse-open">[[#pravaha-collapse-3|+]]</span><span class="pravaha-collapse-close">[[#mw-content-text|-]]</span><span>Modern Relevance and Revival</span></div>
<div class="pravaha-collapse-content">


Traditional systems can complement modern infrastructure by improving local storage, reducing runoff, supporting groundwater recharge, and strengthening community participation.

<span id="climate-resilience"></span>

== Climate Resilience ==


Decentralised water structures can reduce vulnerability to irregular rainfall when they are restored with sound hydrological assessment.

<span id="conservation-and-documentation"></span>

== Conservation and Documentation ==


Revival projects should document original design, current condition, ownership, catchment changes, and maintenance responsibilities before intervention.

<span id="responsible-adaptation"></span>

=== Responsible Adaptation ===


Historic forms should not be copied mechanically. Modern adaptation must consider present population, pollution, land use, legal requirements, and safety standards.

For broader context, readers may consult the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting <u>rainwater harvesting overview</u>] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepwell <u>stepwell reference page</u>].

<span id="conclusion"></span>

</div>
</div>

= Conclusion =

Traditional water-harvesting systems demonstrate the value of locally adapted design and shared stewardship. In a Pandoc-based publishing workflow, keeping ordinary sections as standard Word headings and marking only selected long sections with [COLLAPSE] provides a predictable basis for post-processing into MediaWiki collapsible containers.

<span id="related-links"></span>

= Related Links =

The following links provide additional background information and can also be used to test hyperlink conversion from DOCX to MediaWiki:


* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting <u>Rainwater harvesting overview</u>] — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepwell <u>Stepwells of India</u>] — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepwell

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johad <u>Johad water-harvesting system</u>] — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johad

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_recharge <u>Groundwater recharge</u>] — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_recharge

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_conservation <u>Water conservation</u>] — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_conservation

<span id="references"></span>

= References =


# Author surname, First name. Title of Book. Publisher, Year.

# Author surname, First name. “Title of Article.” Journal Name, volume, issue, year, pages.

# Institution Name. Title of Web Resource. Accessed Day Month Year.

<span id="appendix-authoring-rules-for-reliable-pandoc-conversion"></span>

= Appendix: Authoring Rules for Reliable Pandoc Conversion =


* Use Word built-in styles: Title, Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, Normal, List Bullet, and List Number.

* Do not create headings by manually enlarging or bolding normal text.

* Use the exact text prefix [COLLAPSE] only on the Heading 1 that starts a collapsible block.

* A collapsible block ends immediately before the next Heading 1.

* Do not place [COLLAPSE] on Heading 2 or Heading 3.

* Keep the introduction, conclusion, and references as normal visible sections unless there is a strong reason to collapse them.

* Use real Word lists and tables rather than typed hyphens, spaces, or tabs.

* Avoid text boxes, floating shapes, decorative columns, and manual line breaks inside headings.

* Insert images inline with text and provide a caption in a separate paragraph.

* After Pandoc conversion, run a post-processing script that removes [COLLAPSE] from the visible title and wraps the section content in MediaWiki mw-collapsible markup.

<span id="expected-mediawiki-pattern-after-post-processing"></span>

== Expected MediaWiki Pattern After Post-processing ==


&lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wiki-collapse-section&quot;&gt;<br />

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-toggle&quot;&gt;+&lt;/div&gt;<br />

&lt;div class=&quot;wiki-collapse-title&quot;&gt;Historical Background&lt;/div&gt;<br />

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br />

...converted section content...<br />

&lt;/div&gt;<br />

&lt;/div&gt;



== Original Article Information ==

* '''Original Article Link:''' https://bharatiya-jnana-sarita.info/en/article/view/66d6b61b9b7c1ba29cf7c216
* '''Original Article Details:''' Original Source
International Journal of Digital Innovation

Year of Publication
2025